The 9/11 Effect and the Transformation of Global Security

The scale and audacity of the terrorist attacks on September 11, 2001, spurred sweeping changes in the way the United States, its partners, and adversaries used the machinery of state and technology to respond to threats. In this Council of Councils global perspectives, five experts reflect on the legacy of the attacks and offer insights into the biggest changes in counterterrorism, human rights, surveillance, international law of war, and border security.

https://www.cfr.org/councilofcouncils/global-memos/911-effect-and-transformation-global-security

The Afghanistan occupation and the Japan occupation

We learned the wrong lessons from our post-WW2 success

To many Americans, wrapped up in their insular worldview, the answer is simple: U.S. occupation transformed the country into what it is today. Take a fascist dictatorship, add some U.S. soldiers, and shazam, rich liberal democracy! So of course the fact that we can no longer seem to pull off this sort of trick means that we’re a fallen, diminished empire and blah blah. 

https://noahpinion.substack.com/p/the-afghanistan-occupation-and-the?

We All Lost Afghanistan: Two Decades of Mistakes, Misjudgments, and Collective Failure ($)

The broader questions about why Afghanistan finds itself at this juncture undermine attempts to justify the “war on terror” as it was waged in the country over two decades. During my more than three years in Kabul, between 2013 and 2016 (including as U.S. ambassador from 2014 to 2016), it became evident to me just how steep the challenges to U.S. strategy were. Although we were largely successful in eliminating al Qaeda in the country and reducing the threat of terrorist attacks in the United States, we failed in our approach to counterinsurgency, to Afghan politics, and to “nation building.” We underestimated the resiliency of the Taliban. And we misread the geopolitical realities of the region.

What does a Taliban takeover of Afghanistan actually mean?

It happened faster than most people expected, but the US-backed Afghan government has now fallen. The Taliban have taken over the capital, Kabul, and installed themselves in the presidential palace. Thousands of Afghans are scrambling to leave amid uncertainty of what comes next for the war-torn country. Chaos reigns.

https://www.gzeromedia.com/what-does-a-taliban-takeover-of-afghanistan-actually-mean

Wisdom of Crowds Podcast: Who Wrecked Afghanistan?

How did it all go wrong? Jennifer Brick Murtazashvili, a leading scholar of Afghanistan, joins Damir and Shadi to dissect the Taliban’s victory and discuss what it tells us about the failures of America’s nation-building effort. Why did the Afghan government collapse so quickly? Have the technocrats and NGOs in the democracy promotion industry been completely discredited? And for the sake of the Afghan people, should we now help the Taliban succeed in governing the country? Things get heated.

https://wisdomofcrowds.live/who-wrecked-afghanistan/

Resources on the National Register of Citizens in Assam, India

Citizenship Amendment Bill: India’s new ‘anti-Muslim’ law explained

Opponents of the bill say it is exclusionary and violates the secular principles enshrined in the constitution. They say faith cannot be made a condition of citizenship.

The constitution prohibits religious discrimination against its citizens, and guarantees all persons equality before the law and equal protection of the law.

https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-india-50670393

The Foreigner: Soldier, engineer, Assam Border Police official: Mohammed Sanaullah was the model Indian citizen. Then his employers decided he wasn’t.

Waves of migration from East Bengal in the twentieth century have, indeed, caused a significant demographic shift. At the beginning of the century, Assam’s Muslim population was 12.4 percent. At the start of the twenty-first century, it was 30.92 per cent. This rate of growth is compared with the rest of India to make a case for unchecked illegal migration from Bangladesh. That is why being a Bengali-speaking Muslim in Assam is a presumption against being an ‘original inhabitant.’

https://fiftytwo.in/story/the-foreigner/

Why has India’s Assam erupted over an ‘anti-Muslim’ law?

https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-india-50757093

How the National Citizenship Registration in Assam is shaping a new national identity in India

https://theconversation.com/how-the-national-citizenship-registration-in-assam-is-shaping-a-new-national-identity-in-india-121152

Citizenship Amendment Bill Negatively Impacts Indigenous Peoples of Northeast India

https://www.culturalsurvival.org/news/citizenship-amendment-bill-negatively-impacts-indigenous-peoples-northeast-india

INDIA’S CITIZENSHIP LAW, IN TANDEM WITH NATIONAL REGISTRY, COULD MAKE BJP’S DISCRIMINATORY TARGETING OF MUSLIMS EASIER

https://theintercept.com/2020/01/30/india-citizenship-act-caa-nrc-assam/

20 Hungarian Lessons the West Is Still Missing

While most recent interest has tended to focus on the behavior of the Orbán government or its opponents in the EU, Hungary’s current moment in the spotlight seems to be mostly due to outsiders arguing over whether and how it might serve as either a model or cautionary tale. Unsurprisingly, this argument has mostly used Hungary as a proxy for domestic dramas. And unfortunately, it is likely that the spotlight will move on, with relatively little attention paid to many of the lessons the country actually can offer to Right, Left, and center.

https://quillette.com/2021/08/13/20-hungarian-lessons-the-west-is-still-missing/